What is a photograph?
A photograph is an image which shows proof of existence.
Photographs are:
Iconic -> through resemblance
Indexical -> when it causes an effect. Without the object you cannot take a photograph
Tom Gunning is an author who invented the Truth Claim. The truth claim is that not all images are iconic but all are indexical.
A photograph cannot replicate what it is like to be there at the actual place.
Stages of manipulation:
- Choices -> moment
-> point of view
-> frame- composition
- Post production
3. Presentation
Roland Bathes adds another stage:
- Interpretation (which is in the hands of the audience)